Defensive Tactics/Use of Force

Performance Outcome 6.1.

Pat down suspect(s) or search arrested person(s).

Training Objectives Related to 6.1.

1. Given a written exercise, identify factors to consider in conducting a pat down of a suspect and search of an arrested person.

2. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate the technique of conducting a pat down of a suspect and search of an arrested person.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.1.1. Definition of a pat down and a search

6.1.2. Identification of those places on males and females where dangerous weapons or contraband may be concealed

6.1.3. Identification of concealed weapon clues

6.1.4. Identification of pre-assault indicators

6.1.5. Identification of contact and cover principles for safe approach to single and multiple suspects.

6.1.6. The techniques of conducting a pat down and a search.

6.1.6.1. Verbal directions to give

6.1.6.2. Placement of single or multiple suspects in a pre-pat down position

6.1.6.3. Placement of single or multiple subjects in a standing, kneeling and prone search position.

6.1.6.4. Control and suspect security during a pat down and a search

6.1.6.5. Safely retrieving and securing weapons or contraband that are identified during a pat down and a search

6.1.6.6. Communicating relevant information to the cover officer

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Definition of a pat down and a search

2. Identification of those places on males and females where dangerous weapons or contraband may be concealed

3. Identification of concealed weapon clues

4. Identification of pre-assault indicators

5. Identification of contact and cover principles for safe approach to single and multiple suspects

6. The techniques of conducting a pat down and a search.

a. Verbal directions to give

b. Placement of single or multiple suspects in a pre-pat down position

c. Placement of single or multiple subjects in a standing, kneeling and prone search position.

d. Control and suspect security during a pat down and a search

e. Safely retrieving and securing weapons or contraband that are identified during a pat down and a search

f. Communicating relevant information to the cover officer

Performance Outcome 6.2.

Restrain publicly intoxicated, disruptive or violent individuals.

Training Objectives Related to 6. 2.

1. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate techniques regarding restraint of publicly intoxicated, disruptive persons or violent individuals.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.2.1. Officer safety considerations

6.2.1.1. Key planning elements related to isolating a disruptive individual from other members of the public

6.2.1.2. Use of available backup officer(s)

6.2.2. Command presence (stance, posture, eye contact)

6.2.3. Communication skills to minimize antagonistic responses

6.2.4. Appropriate escalation/de-escalation on a force continuum

6.2.5. Restraint procedures

6.2.6. Effecting an arrest

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Officer safety considerations

a. Key planning elements related to isolating a disruptive individual from other members of the public

b. Use of available backup officer(s).

2. Command presence (stance, posture, eye contact)

3. Communication skills to minimize antagonistic responses

4. Appropriate escalation/de-escalation on a force continuum

5. Restraint procedures

6. Effecting an arrest

Performance Outcome 6.3.

Participate in raids and searches when assigned.

Training Objectives Related to 6.3.

1. Given a written exam, identify three considerations for participating in raids and searches.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.3.1. Importance of intelligence gathering/planning for raids or searches

6.3.2. Pre-raid/pre-search briefing

6.3.3. On-scene command and control of all raid or search aspects

6.3.4. Interagency communications, policy differences and personnel identification

6.3.5. Chain of custody concerns

6.3.6. Logistical requirements

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Importance of intelligence gathering/planning for raids or searches

2. Pre-raid/pre-search briefing

3. On-scene command and control of all raid or search aspects

a. Booby trap identification

b. Room entry techniques (proper movement and recognition)

4. Interagency communications, policy differences, and personnel identification

5. Chain of custody concerns

6. Logistical requirements

7. Identify reasons for secrecy (need to know basis)

Instructor Note: Advise trainees that they must identify department policy and procedures for participating in raids and searches with multiple agencies during department training.

Performance Outcome 6. 4.

Extract a person out of a vehicle who is resisting arrest.

Training Objectives Related to 6. 4.

1. Given a written or practical exercise, identify or demonstrate techniques for extracting a person out of a vehicle who is resisting arrest.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.4.1. Use appropriate extraction techniques

6.4.2. Maintain control of suspect

6.4.3. Use appropriate level of force

6.4.4. Use appropriate restraints

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Use extraction techniques

2. Maintain control of suspect

3. Use appropriate level of force

4. Use appropriate restraints

Performance Outcome 6.5.

Approach pedestrian suspects/subjects on foot and from patrol vehicle.

Training Objective Related to 6.5.

1. Given a practical exercise, safely approach pedestrian suspects/subjects on foot and from patrol vehicle.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.5.1. Evaluate risk to public and officer

6.5.1.1. People in area

6.5.1.2. Easily accessed buildings

6.5.1.3. Potential escape routes

6.5.1.4. Cover

6.5.1.5. Potential for situation to escalate

6.5.1.6. Back-up

6.5.2. Techniques of safe approach

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Evaluate risk to public and officer

a. people in area

b. easily accessed buildings

c. potential escape routes

d. cover

e. potential for situation to escalate

f. back-up

g. other items as may be identified

2. Techniques of safe approach

Performance Outcome 6.6.

Identify the use of force necessary and appropriate to law enforcement services.

Training Objectives Related to 6.6.

1. Given a written or practical exercise, identify the factors that affect the use of reasonable and necessary force.

2. Given a written or practical exercise, identify the factors that affect the officers’ decision to use deadly force.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.6.1. Factors affecting the use of force

6.6.1.1. Subject actions

6.6.1.2. Officer perception

6.6.2. Factors affecting the use of deadly force

6.6.2.1. Intent

6.6.2.2. Ability

6.6.2.3. Means

6.6.2.4. Opportunity

6.6.2.5. Legal criteria

6.6.3. General considerations for use of force

6.6.3.1. Key elements for appropriate response for situations where a violent reaction to law enforcement service is foreseen, e.g., multiple officers/backup.

6.6.3.2. Elements of command presence (stance, posture, eye contact)

6.6.3.3. Avoiding unintentional and/or unnecessarily antagonistic and provoking verbal and nonverbal factors by the officer

6.6.3.4. Primary aspects of proper verbalization (invoke authority, announcement of arrest, clarity)

6.6.3.5. Appropriate escalation/de-escalation on a use of force continuum

6.6.3.6. Application of handcuffs and additional restraints

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Factors affecting the use of force

a. Subject actions

b. Officer perception

2. Factors affecting the use of deadly force

a. Intent

b. Ability

c. Means

d. Opportunity

e. Legal criteria

3. General considerations for use of force

a. Key elements for appropriate response for situations where violent reaction to law enforcement service is foreseen, e.g., multiple officers/backup

b. Elements of command presence (stance, posture, eye contact)

c. Avoiding unintentional and/or unnecessarily antagonistic and provoking verbal and nonverbal factors by the officer

d. Primary aspects of proper verbalization (invoke authority, announcement of arrest, clarity)

e. Appropriate escalation/de-escalation on a use of force continuum

1. Define a use of force continuum

2. Identify the decision making process based on a use of force continuum

f. Application of handcuffs and additional restraints

Instructor Note: Advise trainees that they must identify department policy related to the use of force, physical restraints and weapons as part of department training.

Performance Outcome 6.7.

Control non-violent groups, hostile groups, and/or disorderly assemblies, and when necessary physically restrain a crowd or confront in riot formation.

Training Objectives Related to 6.7.

1. Given a written and/or a practical exercise, identify factors to consider when controlling non-violent or hostile groups.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.7.1. The elements of the following offenses:

6.7.1.1. Unlawful assembly

6.7.1.2. Disturbing the peace

6.7.1.3. Incitement to riot

6.7.1.4. Disorderly conduct in public places

6.7.2. Three factors for controlling non-violent groups, i.e., peaceable assemblies

6.7.3. Three factors to consider when dealing with hostile groups

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. The elements of the following offenses:

a. Unlawful assembly (§18.2-406)

b. Disturbing the peace (§18.2-406)

c. Incitement to riot (§18.2-408)

d. Disorderly conduct in public places (§18.2-415)

2. Three factors for controlling non-violent groups, i.e., peaceable assemblies

a. Officer safety considerations

b. Command presence

c. Communication skills

d. Boundaries within which crowd must remain or move along

e. Patterns of movement for crowd for ease of traffic flow

f. Emergency access/exit

3. Three factors to consider when dealing with hostile groups

a. Identify techniques of detecting violations of state laws/local ordinances (sources of disturbance in a crowd by noise and movements)

b. Identify high risk areas (behind bleachers; dark areas)

c. Identify conditions that will document a law violation

d. Identify appropriate steps to enforce the law

1. Officer safety considerations

a. Monitor the groups activity

b. Wait for appropriate back-up

c. Assess the group’s propensity toward violence

d. Determine the nature of their weapons

e. Identify which subjects are believed to be leaders

2. Command presence

a. Safely approach the hostile group

b. Identify appropriate formations for potential riot

c. Identify emergency escape routes

d. Position police vehicles to maximize cover

e. Coordinate cover and contact responsibilities

3. Communication skills and voice commands

a. Establish contact with the hostile group

b. Formally identify the group leaders

c. Ascertain the reason(s) for their hostility

d. Use calming techniques to reduce emotions and restore rational “group thought”

e. Evaluate the group’s proposed solutions to determine their specific “needs.”

f. Communicate the officer’s position and responsibilities in the situation

g. Relate any applicable laws and consequences of continued acts

h. Explain the group’s option: comply with the law and pursue legal resolutions.

i. Reassure the group of police commitment to resolve the group’s problems and restore peace and tranquility to the area

4. Techniques of crowd control

a. Smaller hostile groups

b. Larger hostile groups or rioters

c. Use stretched out arms to indicate a barrier when appropriate

d. Use shield, barricade, impact weapon, riot stick, or other item to block crowd when appropriate

5. Move crowd using authorized and appropriate use of force.

6. Arrest procedures

7. Transportation of arrestees

8. Medical needs

Performance Outcome 6.8.

Break up fights between two or more persons.

Training Objectives Related to 6.8.

1. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate techniques for breaking up fights between two or more persons during a simulation exercise.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.8.1. Evaluate the situation

6.8.2. Intervene verbally

6.8.3. Use the appropriate level of force

6.8.4. Use officer safety procedures

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Evaluate the situation

2. Intervene verbally

3. Use the appropriate level of force

4. Use officer safety procedures

Performance Outcome 6.9.

Determine the need for use of deadly force and take appropriate action.

Training Objectives Related to 6.9.

1. Given a practical exercise or case scenario(s) using the following criteria, evaluate person(s) as an immediate deadly force threat, use judgment as to when to draw a weapon, cover a suspect, and/or use the weapon while utilizing a safe position, providing verbal direction to the suspect and using available cover.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.9.1. Officer will determine whether or not use of deadly force is necessary.

6.9.1.1. Intent

6.9.1.2. Ability

6.9.1.3. Means

6.9.1.4. Opportunity

6.9.2. Officer will determine whether or not the use of a firearm would be justified.

6.9.3. Officer will identify the use of a vehicles as a force on the force continuum.

6.9.4. Officer will evaluate a moving target as an immediate deadly force threat and that the officer has no alternative but to shoot at the moving target

6.9.4.1. Shooting at a moving target is the last resort available. 

Example: Shooting at the driver of a moving vehicle must be the last resort available due to the possibility of the loss of control of the vehicle if the driver is shot.

6.9.5. Identify the extreme hazards to be encountered in attempting to shoot while in motion.

Example: Shooting from a moving vehicle.

6.9.5.1. The practice of shooting from a moving vehicle is in most cases not practical and places the officer and public in severe danger.

6.9.5.2. Alternative measures should be employed by the officer if at all possible, such as seeking cover, slowing their vehicle if being shot at by an adjacent vehicle, etc.

6.9.5.3. The danger officers place themselves and the public in by shooting from a moving vehicle includes the reduced ability to aim a firearm at the threat and perform a fine motor skill such as directing aimed, deliberate gunfire while operating a moving vehicle in a safe and responsible manner.

6.9.5.4. The risk to the officer and the public must be greatly outweighed by the benefit of trying to stop a person who is an immediate deadly threat to the officer or the public in order for an officer to make an attempt to stop that person by firing from a moving vehicle.

6.9.6. Describe reasons why warning shots should not be fired.

6.9.6.1. The discharge of a firearm normally constitutes deadly force. The deadly force standard is for the preservation of life or to prevent serious physical injury.

6.9.6.2. Shooting is normally a last resort option.

6.9.6.3. There is no ability to determine the effect of a warning shot on the person.

6.9.6.4. The officer is accountable for where the round goes or ends up.

6.9.6.4.1. Bullet may ricochet

6.9.6.4.2. Officer cannot determine where bullet will land

6.9.6.5. May be illegal in some circumstances.

6.9.7. Identify at least three potential deadly force scenarios.

6.9.8. Identify other alternatives that the officer may consider using before using deadly force.

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Officer will determine whether or not use of deadly force is necessary.

a. Intent

b. Ability

c. Means

d. Opportunity

2. Officer will determine whether or not the use of a firearm would be justified.

3. Officer will identify the use of a vehicle as a force on the force continuum.

4. Officer will evaluate a moving target as an immediate deadly force threat and that the officer has no alternative but to shoot at the moving target

a. Shooting at a moving target is the last resort available.

Example: Shooting at the driver of a moving vehicle must be the last resort available due to the possibility of the loss of control of the vehicle if the driver is shot.

5. Identify the extreme hazards to be encountered in attempting to shoot while in motion.

Example: shooting from a moving vehicle.

a. The practice of shooting from a moving vehicle is in most cases not practical and places the officer and public in severe danger.

b. Alternative measures should be employed by the officer if at all possible, such as seeking cover, slowing their vehicle if being shot at by an adjacent vehicle, etc.

c. The danger officers place themselves and the public in by shooting from a moving vehicle includes the reduced ability to aim a firearm at the threat and perform a fine motor skill such as directing aimed, deliberate gunfire while operating a moving vehicle in a safe and responsible manner.

d. The risk to the officer and the public must be greatly outweighed by the benefit of trying to stop a person who is an immediate deadly threat to the officer or the public in order for an officer to make an attempt to stop that person by firing from a moving vehicle.

6. Describe reasons why warning shots should not be fired.

a. The discharge of a firearm normally constitutes deadly force. The deadly force standard is for the preservation of life or to prevent serious physical injury.

b. Shooting is normally a last resort option.

c. There is no ability to determine the effect of a warning shot on the person.

d. The officer is accountable for where the round goes or ends up.

1. bullet may ricochet

2. officer cannot determine where bullet will land

e. Firing warning shots may be illegal in some circumstances.

7. Identify at least three potential deadly force scenarios.

8. Identify other alternatives that the officer may consider using before using deadly force.

Instructor Note: Advise trainees that they will need to identify department policy related to shooting at or from a moving vehicle and firing warning shots as part of their department training.

Performance Outcome 6.10.                                                

Use weaponless techniques to subdue a person resisting arrest or to control a person.

Training Objectives Related to 6.10.

1. Given a written and practical exercise, demonstrate weaponless techniques to subdue a person resisting arrest or to control a person.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.10.1. Identification of psychological and physiological effects of sudden stress related to each effect and reaction using an anatomical chart or volunteer

6.10.2. Identification of basic principles and fundamentals of defensive tactics

6.10.3. Demonstration of technique of approach

6.10.4. Demonstration of blocking principles designed to neutralize attack

6.10.4.1. Low outside

6.10.4.2. Low inside

6.10.4.3. Middle outside

6.10.4.4. Middle inside

6.10.4.5. High

6.10.4.6. Blocks to include both sides

6.10.5. Demonstration of weaponless techniques to control person

6.10.5.1. Effective communications

6.10.5.2. Weaponless (empty hand) control techniques

6.10.5.2.1. Safe contact and initial control

6.10.5.2.1.1. Front

6.10.5.2.1.2. Side

6.10.5.2.1.3. Back

6.10.5.2.2. Decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of injury to resisting suspect

6.10.5.2.3. Stabilization in prone position for cuffing or to await backup officers

6.10.6. Demonstrate blocking techniques with a partner using safety equipment in a controlled environment that provides for minimizing potential injury to the trainee or partner.

6.10.7. Demonstrate techniques to prevent a takedown to the ground.

6.10.7.1. Demonstrate techniques to minimize injury when falling.

6.10.7.2. Demonstrate ground defense techniques to take control of a person from the ground in order to escape and create distance or to position for handcuffing.

6.10.8. Demonstrate ability to protect the firearm and other weapons on the duty belt while on the ground.

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of psychological and physiological effects of sudden stress related to each effect and reaction using an anatomical chart or volunteer

2. Identification of basic principles and fundamentals of defensive tactics

3. Demonstration of technique of approach

4. Demonstration of blocking principles designed to neutralize attack

a. Low outside

b. Low inside

c. Middle outside

d. Middle inside

e. High

f. Blocks to include both sides

5. Demonstration of weaponless techniques to control person

a. Effective communications

b. Weaponless (empty hand) control techniques

1. Safe contact and initial control

a. Front

b. Side

c. Back

2. decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of injury to resisting suspect

3. stabilization in prone position for cuffing or to await backup officers

6. Demonstrate blocking techniques with a partner using safety equipment in a controlled environment that provides for minimizing potential injury to the trainee or partner.

7. Demonstrate techniques to prevent a takedown to the ground.

a. Demonstrate techniques to minimize injury when falling.

b. Demonstrate ground defense techniques to take control of a person from the ground in order to escape and create distance or to position for handcuffing.

8. Demonstrate ability to protect the firearm and other weapons on the duty belt while on the ground.

Performance Outcome 6.11.

Subdue a physically attacking person.

Training Objectives Related to 6.11.

1. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate a techniques for defending oneself against a physically attacking person and subduing a person during a simulation exercise using a volunteer or instructor.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.11.1. Identification of weapon considerations of suspect and officer

6.11.2. Demonstration of defensive strategy designed to protect officers’ vulnerable targets

6.11.3. Demonstration of offensive active countermeasures designed to neutralize aggressor for de-escalation

6.11.4. Demonstration of de-escalation by:

6.11.4.1. Decentralizing suspect to prone position for cuffing

6.11.4.2. Disengage from suspect

6.11.5. Demonstration of escalation in life and death struggle by:

6.11.5.1. Making transition to weapon to stop aggressor

6.11.5.2. Utilizing extreme physical techniques to stop aggressor

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of weapon considerations of suspect and officer

2. Demonstration of defensive strategy designed to protect officers’ vulnerable targets

3. Demonstration of offensive active countermeasures designed to neutralize aggressor for de-escalation

4. Demonstration of de-escalation by:

a. Decentralizing suspect to prone position for cuffing

b. Disengage from suspect

5. Demonstration of escalation in life and death struggle by:

a. Making transition to weapon to stop aggressor

b. Utilizing extreme physical techniques to stop aggressor

Performance Outcome 6.12.

Subdue a resisting suspect and place in a prone position.

Training Objectives Related to 6.12.

1. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate proper methods of subduing and placing a resisting suspect in a prone position.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.12.1. Demonstration of safe contact and initial control.

6.12.2. Demonstration of decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of suspect injury.

6.12.3. Demonstration of stabilization in prone position for cuffing procedure.

6.12.4. Demonstration of bringing a handcuffed person to his or her feet.

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Demonstration of safe contact and initial control.

2. Demonstration of decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of suspect injury.

3. Demonstration of stabilization in prone position for cuffing procedure.

4. Demonstration of bringing a handcuffed person to his or her feet.

Performance Outcome 6.13.

Pursue a fleeing suspect on foot and subdue the suspect when apprehended..

Training Objectives Related to 6.13.

1. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate a technique for subduing a suspect after a foot pursuit.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.13.1. Assessment of threat by the suspect

6.13.2. Identification of weapon considerations of suspect and officer

6.13.3. Demonstration of weapon control by the officer

6.13.4. Demonstration of contact and initial control

6.13.5. Demonstration of decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of resisting suspect injury.

6.13.6. Demonstration of stabilization in prone position for cuffing procedures

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Assessment of threat by the suspect

2. Identification of weapon considerations of suspect and officer

3. Demonstration of weapon control by the officer

4. Demonstration of contact and initial control

5. Demonstration of decentralization to prone position with minimal risk of resisting suspect injury

6. Demonstration of stabilization in prone position for cuffing procedures

Performance Outcome 6.14.

Use touch pressure or striking pressure to control a person.

Training Objectives Related to 6.14.

1. Given a written, audio-visual, or practical exercise, identify body pressure points.

2. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate pressure point control techniques.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.14.1. Identification of body pressure points

6.14.1.1. Identify carotid choke hold as deadly force

6.14.2. Demonstration of pressure point control techniques

6.14.2.1. Touch

6.14.2.2. Strike

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of body pressure points

a. Identify carotid choke hold as deadly force

2. Demonstration of pressure point control techniques

a. Touch

b. Strike

Performance Outcome 6.15.

Disarm an armed suspect.

Training Objectives Related to 6.15.

1. Given a written exercise, identify factors to consider when attempting to disarm a suspect.

2. Given a practical exercise, demonstrate techniques for disarming an armed suspect.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.15.1. Identification of factors to consider when assessing whether an attempt to disarm a suspect is appropriate.

6.15.1.1. Distance/cover

6.15.1.2. Type of weapon

6.15.1.3. Obstacles

6.15.1.4. Will attempt jeopardize life or personal safety

6.15.2. Demonstration of a trapping and disarming sequence regarding a handgun and long gun

6.15.2.1. Front

6.15.2.2. Side

6.15.2.3. Rear

6.15.3. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with handgun or long gun

6.15.3.1. Stopping movement of the handgun or long gun using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

6.15.3.1.1. Disengage and escalate

6.15.3.1.2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

6.15.4. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with edged weapon

6.15.4.1.  Range of attack and officer awareness

6.15.4.2. Zoning to the outside position for disengagement and escalation or depending upon range and relative position

6.15.4.3. Stopping movement of the edged weapon and using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

6.15.4.3.1. Disengage and escalate

6.15.4.3.2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

6.15.5. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with bludgeon instrument

6.15.5.1. Stopping movement of the bludgeon weapon and using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

6.15.5.1.1. Disengage and escalate

6.15.5.1.2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of factors to consider when assessing whether an attempt to disarm a suspect is appropriate.

a. Distance/cover

b. Type of weapon

c. Obstacles

d. Will attempt jeopardize life or personal safety

2. Demonstration of a trapping and disarming sequence regarding a handgun and long gun

a. Front

b. Side

c. Rear

3. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with handgun or long gun

a. Stopping movement of the handgun or long gun using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

1. Disengage and escalate

2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

4. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with edged weapon

a. Range of attack and officer awareness

b. Zoning to the outside position for disengagement and escalation or depending upon range and relative position

c. Stopping movement of the edged weapon and using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

1. Disengage and escalate

2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

5. Demonstration of a takedown or control of subject armed with bludgeon instrument

a. Stopping movement of the bludgeon weapon and using officer’s personal weapons against aggressor’s vulnerable targets to:

1. Disengage and escalate

2. Decentralize to prone position for safe disarming

Performance Outcome 6.16.

Use an impact weapon to control a person.

Training Objectives Related to 6.16.

1. Given a written exam and practical scenarios, identify and demonstrate techniques for using an impact weapon to control a person.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.16.1. Identification of the primary, secondary, and lethal target areas

6.16.2. Demonstration of offensive and defensive stances

6.16.3. Demonstration of the proper verbalization and striking techniques for primary, secondary, and the non-lethal target areas

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of the primary, secondary and lethal target areas

2. Demonstration of offensive and defensive stances

3. Demonstration of the proper verbalization and striking techniques for primary, secondary and the lethal target areas

Performance Outcome 6.17.

Handcuff suspect(s) or arrestees and apply leg restraints to arrestee(s).

Training Objectives Related to 6.17.

1. Given a written and practical exercise, identify and demonstrate the techniques of handcuffing suspect(s) or arrestee(s) and applying leg restraints to arrestee(s).

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.17.1. Safe and effective handcuffing of cooperative single and multiple suspect(s)

6.17.2. Safe and effective handcuffing of a suspect in the following positions:

6.17.2.1. Standing

6.17.2.2. Kneeling

6.17.2.3. Prone

6.17.3. Safe and effective handcuffing of a suspect after having performed a learned control/take down technique in standing, kneeling, and prone positions

6.17.4. Application of leg irons and “flex cuffs” or other devices that restrain legs or torso avoiding force levels and methods that present unnecessary injury potential to the officer and subject

6.17.5. Definition of positional asphyxia

6.17.5.1. Identify primary medical dangers associated with sudden restraint of violent person

6.17.5.2. Primary medical dangers associated with “hog-tying” a person (positional asphyxia)

6.17.5.3. Identify liability

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Safe and effective handcuffing of cooperative single and multiple suspect(s)

a. Hands to be cuffed behind the back unless a medical reason prohibits.

2. Safe and effective handcuffing of a suspect in the following positions:

a. Standing

b. Kneeling

c. Prone

3. Safe and effective handcuffing of a suspect after having performed a learned control/take down technique in standing, kneeling, and prone positions

4. Application of any combination of hand, waist or leg restraints using force levels and methods that avoid unnecessary injury potential to the officer and subject.

5. Definition of positional asphyxia

a. Identify primary medical dangers associated with sudden restraint of violent person

b. Primary medical dangers associated with “hog-tying” a person (positional asphyxia)

c. Identify liability

Instructor Note: Advise trainees that they must identify department policy related to the use of force, physical restraints, and weapons use as part of department training.

Performance Outcome 6.18.

Use chemical agents and other crowd management equipment.

Training Objectives Related to 6.18.

1. Given a written exam or during a simulation, identify and/or demonstrate where required the techniques of using chemical agents and other crowd management equipment.

Criteria: The trainee shall be tested on the following:

6.18.1. Description of types of chemical agents and aerosol sprays used in law enforcement and methods of deployment

6.18.2. Identification of the proper application of chemical agents and aerosol sprays.

6.18.3. Identification of side effects on persons sprayed with chemical or aerosol spray

6.18.3.1. Short-term

6.18.3.2. Long-term

6.18.4. Demonstration of the use a protective mask to enter a simulated contaminated area following prescribed method and determine when safe to remove mask and exit area

6.18.5. Description of first aid or aftercare to use when contaminated with chemical agents or aerosol sprays according to type and density of the contamination

6.18.6. Description of methods of structural decontamination of chemical or aerosol agents

6.18.7. Description of methods of restraint and transportation of person sprayed with chemical or aerosol agent

Lesson Plan Guide: The lesson plan shall include the following:

1. Identification of the ethical consideration involved and legal constraints related to use of chemical agents and aerosol sprays.

2. Description of types of chemical agents and aerosol sprays used in law enforcement and methods of deployment

3. Identification of the proper application of chemical agents and aerosol sprays.

4. Identification of side effects on persons sprayed with chemical or aerosol spray

a. Short-term

b. Long-term

5. Demonstration of the use a protective mask to enter a simulated contaminated area following prescribed method and determine when safe to remove mask and exit area

6. Description of first aid or aftercare to use when contaminated with chemical agents or aerosol sprays according to type and density of the contamination

7. Description of methods of structural decontamination of chemical or aerosol agents

8. Description of methods of restraint and transportation of person sprayed with chemical or aerosol agent